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A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of dexpramipexole administered orally for 52 weeks in participants with severe eosinophilic asthma (EXHALE-2)

A study to assess the effect of dexpramipexole in adolescents and adults with severe eosinophilic asthma (EXHALE-2)

44

Overall, the number of participants enrolled and treated with either placebo or dexpramipexole dihydrochloride at 75 mg or 150 mg were similar. Reasons for discontinuation included, adverse events (AEs), withdrawal of consent, lost to follow-up, investigator or Sponsor discretion, participant non-compliance, pregnancy, death, and other.

- Number of Participants Screened: 2665 - Number of Screen Failures: 1598 - Number of Participants Randomized: 1067(Placebo: 355, Dexpramipexole 75 mg BID: 354, Dexpramipexole 150 mg BID: 358) - Number of Participants Treated: 1066 (Placebo: 354, Dexpramipexole 75 mg BID: 354, Dexpramipexole 150 mg BID: 358) - Completed Treatment: 623 (Placebo: 203, Dexpramipexole 75 mg BID: 211, Dexpramipexole 150 mg BID: 209) - Discontinued Treatment Permanently: 443 (Placebo: 151, Dexpramipexole 75 mg BID: 143, Dexpramipexole 150 mg BID: 149) - Discontinued Treatment Permanently and Remained in Study: 58 (Placebo: 15, Dexpramipexole 75 mg BID: 21, Dexpramipexole 150 mg BID: 22)

Brief Summary of Adverse Events Overall, treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported in 55.6% (396) of participants treated with dexpramipexole: 58.1% (208) in the dexpramipexole 150 mg treatment group and 53.1% (188) in the dexpramipexole 75 mg treatment group. TEAEs were reported in 54.8% (194) of participants in the placebo treatment group. The frequency of TEAEs was generally similar between the placebo (54.8%), dexpramipexole 75 mg (53.1%), and the 150 mg treatment groups (58.1%). Serious TEAEs were reported in 4.5% (32) of participants receiving dexpramipexole: 5.6% (20) in the dexpramipexole 150 mg treatment group and 3.4% (12) in the dexpramipexole 75 mg treatment group compared to 5.6% (20) in the placebo treatment group. Treatment-related serious TEAEs were reported in 0.4% (3) participants receiving dexpramipexole, 0.6% (2) in the dexpramipexole 150 mg treatment group and 0.3% (1) in the dexpramipexole 75 mg treatment group compared to 0% (0) in the placebo treatment group. Serious TEAEs leading to a fatal outcome were reported in 0.6% (4) of participants receiving dexpramipexole (0.6% [2] participants each in the dexpramipexole 150 mg treatment group and dexpramipexole 75 mg treatment group) compared to 0.3% (1) in the placebo treatment group. Severe TEAEs were reported in 3.7% (13) of participants in the placebo, 4.2% (15) in the dexpramipexole 150 mg treatment group, and in 2.0% (7) of participants in the dexpramipexole 75 mg treatment group. Treatment-related TEAEs were reported in 11.5% (41) of participants in the dexpramipexole 150 mg treatment group, 7.9% (28) in the dexpramipexole 75 mg treatment group, and 8.8% (31) in the placebo treatment group. TEAEs resulting in permanent discontinuation of study treatment were reported in 3.1% (22) of dexpramipexole treated participants, 3.4% (12) in the dexpramipexole 150 mg treatment group, 2.8% (10) in the dexpramipexole 75 mg treatment group, and 2.0% (7) in the placebo treatment group.

[Efficacy Summary] Analysis of Absolute Eosinophil Counts (AEC) was performed. Analysis of other efficacy data was not performed as the study was terminated early. [Absolute Eosinophil Counts] Absolute eosinophil count AEC reduction was examined for participants that had completed the study and is presented below. Of the participants in the safety population, there were 358 participants in the dexpramipexole 150 mg treatment group, 354 participants in the dexpramipexole 75 mg treatment group, and 354 participants in the placebo treatment group. From the safety population, there were 176 participants in the dexpramipexole 150 mg treatment group, 182 participants in the dexpramipexole 75 mg treatment group, and 178 participants in the placebo treatment group that completed treatment. The median ratio to baseline AEC was 0.08 for participants in the dexpramipexole 150 mg treatment group, 0.16 for participants in the dexpramipexole 75 mg treatment group, and 0.94 for participants in the placebo treatment group.

During the Phase III program, a safety signal was identified in participants in the dexpramipexole cohorts and FDA placed the program on full clinical hold. The Sponsor decided to terminate the ongoing Phase III program early. The analyses in this study focused on safety data. The planned full analysis of efficacy and pharmacokinetic (PK) data was not performed.The study was terminated early. Analysis of AEC was performed; however, analysis of other efficacy data was not performed.The median ratio to base

Feb. 19, 2026

No

https://jrct.mhlw.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCT2031240072

Steinfeld Jon

Areteia Therapeutics

101 Glen Lennox Drive, Suite 300, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, United States

clinicaltrials@areteiatx.com

Rosario Chikako

Parexel International Inc.

Kayabacho Tower, 1-21-2, Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo

+81-80-8929-3137

Clinicaltrial-registration@parexel.com

Complete

May. 30, 2024

Interventional

randomized controlled trial

double blind

placebo control

parallel assignment

treatment purpose

1. Signed informed consent form and assent form, as appropriate.
2. Male or female >=18 years of age at Screening Visit 1.
Asthma-related criteria
3. Documented physician diagnosis of asthma for >=12 months prior to Screening Visit 1.
4. Treatment of asthma, participants must satisfy all the below (items a to c):
a. Participants who have received asthma controller medication with medium or high dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS: >=500 microgram/day fluticasone propionate dry powder formulation daily or clinically comparable, per Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2021) on a regular basis for at least 12 months prior to Screening Visit 1.
b. Documented treatment with a stable dose of either medium or high dose ICS for at least 3 months prior to Screening Visit 1. The ICS may be contained within an ICS/LABA (long-acting beta 2 agonist) combination product. Daily oral corticosteroids are an allowed concomitant medication; participants on daily oral corticosteroids must be on a stable dose for 3 months before Screening Visit 1.
c. Use of one of more additional daily maintenance asthma controller medications according to standard practice of care is required. Use of a stable dose of any additional asthma controller medications must be documented for at least 3 months prior to Screening Visit 1.
5. Pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume (Pre-BD FEV1) >=40% and <80% of predicted at Screening Visit 2.
6. Variable airflow obstruction documented with at least one of the following criteria:
a. Bronchodilator reversibility at Screening Visit 2, as evidenced by >=12% and >=200 mL improvement in FEV1, 15 to 30 minutes following inhalation of 400 microgram(four puffs) of albuterol/salbutamol. Participants who do not meet the bronchodilator reversibility inclusion criterion but have >=10% and >=160 mL reversibility, may repeat the reversibility spirometry assessment once during the Screening period, at an unscheduled visit at least 7 days prior to baseline.
b. Bronchodilator reversibility, using the criteria above, documented in the past 24 months prior to Screening Visit 1.
c. Peak flow variation of >=20% over a 2-week period, documented in the past 24 months prior to Screening Visit 1.
d. Airflow variability in clinic FEV1 >=20% between two consecutive clinic visits, documented in the past 24 months prior to Screening Visit 1.
e. Airway hyperresponsiveness (provocative concentration causing a 20% fall in FEV1 of methacholine <8 mg/mL) documented in the past past 24 months prior to Screening Visit 1.
7. ACQ-6 >=1.5 at Screening Visit 2.
8. Documented history of at least two asthma exacerbations requiring treatment with systemic corticosteroids (intramuscular, intravenous, or oral) within the past 12-month period prior to Screening Visit 1.
General medical history
9. Negative urine pregnancy test for women of childbearing potential (WOCBP: after menarche) at the Screening Visit 2 and Baseline Visit.
10. WOCBP must use either of the following methods of birth control, from Screening Visit 1 through the End of Study Visit:
a. A highly effective form of birth control (confirmed by the investigator). Highly effective forms of birth control include: true sexual abstinence, a vasectomized sexual partner, Implanon, female sterilization by tubal occlusion, any effective Intrauterine device (IUD), IUD/intrauterine system (IUS), Levonorgestrel Intrauterine system, or oral contraceptive.
Or
b. Two protocol acceptable methods of contraception in tandem.
Women not of childbearing potential are defined as women who are either permanently sterilized (hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, or bilateral salpingectomy), or who are postmenopausal. Women will be considered postmenopausal if they have been amenorrheic for >=12 months prior to the planned date of the Baseline Visit without an alternative medical cause. The following age specific requirements apply:
c. Women <50 years old would be considered postmenopausal if they have been amenorrheic for 12 months or more following cessation of exogenous hormonal treatment and follicle stimulating hormone levels in the postmenopausal range.
d. Women >=50 years old would be considered postmenopausal if they have been amenorrheic for 12 months or more following cessation of all exogenous hormonal treatment.

Asthma-related criteria
1. A participant who experiences a severe asthma exacerbation (defined as a deterioration of asthma that results in emergency treatment, hospitalization due to asthma, or treatment with systemic corticosteroids) at any time from 4 weeks prior to Screening Visit 1 up to and including the Baseline Visit.
Participants who experience an asthma exacerbation during the Screening/Run-in Period may remain in screening and proceed with study visits 14 days after they have completed their course of oral steroids or returned to their pre-Screening Visit maintenance dose of oral steroids and the investigator considers participant has returned to baseline status.
2. Current diagnosis of diseases which may confound interpretation of this study's findings such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases, hypereosinophilic syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
3. Respiratory infection: Upper or lower respiratory tract, sinus, or middle ear infection within the 4 weeks before Screening Visit 1.
Prohibited medications/procedures
4. Treatment with a biologic investigational drug in the last 5 months prior to Screening Visit 1. Treatment with non-biologic investigational drugs in the previous 30 days or five-half-lives prior to Screening Visit 1, whichever is longer. Treatment with GSK3511294 (long-acting anti-IL-5) in the past 12 months.
5. Treatment with any of the following monoclonal antibody therapies within 120 days prior to Baseline Visit: benralizumab, dupilumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, omalizumab, tezepelumab, or tralokinumab.
6. Treatment with pramipexole (Mirapex) within 30 days of Baseline Visit.
7. Treatment with selected drugs known to have a substantial risk of neutropenia in the past 30 days prior to Screening Visit 1.
8. Bronchial thermoplasty procedure in the past 12 months prior to Screening Visit 1 or planned during the coming year.
General medical history
9. Weight < 30 kg at Screening Visit 2.
10. Current smoking within the 12 months prior to Screening Visit 1 or a smoking history of >10 pack-years. Smoking includes tobacco, vaping, and/or marijuana use.
11. Known or suspected alcohol or drug abuse
12. Uncontrolled severe hypertension: systolic blood pressure >180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >110 mmHg prior to the Baseline Visit despite antihypertensive therapy.
13. History of malignancy that required surgery (excluding local and wide-local excision), radiation therapy and/or systemic therapy during the 5 years prior to the Baseline Visit.
14. History of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or chronic infection with hepatitis B or C.
15. A helminth parasitic infection diagnosed within 24 weeks prior to Screening Visit 1 that has not been treated with or has failed to respond to standard of care (SoC) therapy.
16. Medical or other condition likely to interfere with participant's ability to undergo study procedures, adhere to visit schedule, or comply with study requirements.
17. Known or suspected noncompliance with medication.
18. Unwillingness or inability to follow the procedures outlined in the protocol.
Clinical safety labs
19. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) <2.000x10^9/L at Screening Visit 1 or Screening Visit 2.
20. Renal dysfunction, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73m2 at Screening Visit 2 (using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration [CKD-EPI] formula for age >=18 years at screening).
21. Active liver disease defined as any known current infectious, neoplastic, or metabolic pathology of the liver or unexplained elevations in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), >3x the upper limit of normal (ULN), or total bilirubin >2x ULN at Screening Visit 2 confirmed by a repeat abnormal measurement of the relevant value(s), at least 1 week apart.
Cardiac safety
22. History of New York Heart Association class IV heart failure or last known left ventricular ejection fraction <25%.
23. History of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) within 3 months prior to the Baseline Visit.
24. History of cardiac arrhythmia within 3 months prior to the Baseline Visit that is not controlled by medication or via ablation.
25. History of long QT syndrome.
26. Corrected QT interval by Fridericia (QTcF) interval >450 ms for males and >470 ms for females at Screening Visit 2 or QTcF >=480 ms for participants with bundle branch block.
27. Clinically important abnormalities in resting ECG that may interfere with the interpretation of QTcF interval changes at Screening Visit 2, including heart rate <45 beats per minute (bpm) or >100 bpm.
Pregnancy/Lactation
28. Pregnant women or women breastfeeding
29. Males who are unwilling to use an acceptable method of birth control during the entire study period (ie, condom with spermicide).

Both

Severe Bronchial Asthma

Participants will receive dexpramipexole 75mg, 150 mg, or placebo tablet twice a day, administered orally, over a 52-week treatment period.

Annualized rate of severe asthma exacerbations over 52 weeks. [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose) through Week 52]
A severe exacerbation was defined as a deterioration of asthma requiring: use of systemic corticosteroids for >=3 days; or hospitalization or emergency room visit because of asthma, requiring systemic corticosteroids; or death due to asthma.

1. Absolute Change in pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume (Pre-BD FEV1) from Baseline [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose), Weeks 36, 44, 52]
2. Change From Baseline in Asthma Control Questionnaire-6 (ACQ-6) [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose), Weeks 36, 44, 52]
3. Change in Standardized version of the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire for 12 years and older (AQLQ+12) from baseline to Week 52. [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose) through Week 52]
4. Annualized rate of severe exacerbations requiring an emergency department visit or hospitalization over 52 weeks. [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose) through Week 52]
5. Annualized rate of severe exacerbations from Week 4 to Week 52 [Time Frame: Week 4 through Week 52]
6. Average change in absolute eosinophil count (AEC) [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose) Weeks 36, 44, 52]
7. Average change from baseline in forced vital capacity (FVC) [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose), Weeks 36, 44, 52]
8. Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (FVC) [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose), Weeks 4, 12, 20,28 36, 44, 52]
9. Change from baseline in Post-bronchodilator FEV1 [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose) through Week 52]
10. Change from baseline in peak expiratory flow (PEF) [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose) through Week 52]
11. Time to first severe asthma exacerbation [Time Frame: Up to Week 52]
12. Change from baseline in total asthma symptom score [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose) through Week 52]
13. Change from baseline in the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) [Time Frame: Day 1 (baseline, pre-dose) through Week 52]

+81-3-5213-0028

April. 05, 2024

US/UK/Georgia/Bulgaria/Romania/Poland/Serbia/Argentina/Mexico/Colombia/Canada/Brazil/South Korea/Macedonia